Research

Theoretical Computer Science

In mathematics and much of theoretical computer science, authors are conventionally listed in alphabetical order.

• On Top-Down and Local Lower Bounds for AC⁰ Circuits

  Gülce Kardeş and Benjamin Rossman

  2026 arXiv:2609.01759

• Group Isomorphism and the Polylogarithmic-Time Hierarchy: Depth-2½ Circuits and Lower Bounds

  Joshua A. Grochow, Gülce Kardeş, and Michael Levet

  2026 arXiv:2608.26257

Cognitive Science

• Physical Complexity of a Cognitive Artifact

  Gülce Kardeş, David Krakauer, and Joshua Grochow

  2025 arXiv:2509.12495

• Explaining Necessary Truths

  Gülce Kardeş and Simon DeDeo

  2025 Cognitive Science Society arXiv:2502.11251

Physics

• Is Stochastic Thermodynamics the Key to Understanding the Energy Costs of Computation?

  David H. Wolpert, Jan Korbel, ..., Joshua A. Grochow, Gülce Kardeş, et al.

  2024 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

• Thermodynamics of Computations with Absolute Irreversibility, Unidirectional Transitions, and Stochastic Computation Times

  Gonzalo Manzano, Gülce Kardeş, Édgar Roldán, and David H. Wolpert

  2024 Physical Review X 14, 021026

• Inclusive Thermodynamics of Computational Machines

  Gülce Kardeş and David Wolpert

  2022 arXiv:2206.01165

• Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relations for Multipartite Processes

  Gülce Kardeş and David H. Wolpert

  2021 arXiv:2101.01610